Root Rot

Overwatering

To address root rot, first, allow the soil to dry out before watering again. Ensure the pot has adequate drainage and consider repotting the plant in fresh, well-draining soil. If the plant is severely affected, it might be necessary to trim away the rotted roots before repotting. To prevent future occurrences, water your basil only when the top inch of soil feels dry to the touch and ensure the pot is not sitting in water.

Wilting and Drooping Leaves

Underwatering

To address wilting and drooping leaves caused by underwatering, ensure that your basil plants are watered deeply and consistently. The soil should be kept moist but not waterlogged. Implement a regular watering schedule, adjusting based on weather conditions. During hot, dry periods, basil may need water daily. If the soil dries out too quickly, consider adding mulch around the plants to help retain moisture. Always check the soil moisture level before watering to avoid overwatering.

Aphid Infestation

Aphids are small, soft-bodied insects that feed on the sap of basil plants, leading to weakened plants, stunted growth, and potentially the spread of diseases.

To manage aphid infestations, start by spraying the basil plants with a strong jet of water to knock the aphids off. For more persistent problems, apply insecticidal soap or neem oil directly to the affected areas, ensuring to cover both the tops and undersides of the leaves. Introducing natural predators like ladybugs can also help control aphid populations. Regularly inspect your basil plants for signs of aphids and take immediate action to prevent severe damage.

Basil Downy Mildew

Caused by the fungus-like organism Peronospora belbahrii. It thrives in humid conditions and can quickly devastate basil crops.

To manage basil downy mildew, start with resistant varieties if available. Ensure good air circulation around plants by spacing them properly and pruning if necessary. Avoid overhead watering to keep foliage dry, and water early in the day so leaves can dry before evening. If downy mildew is detected, remove and destroy affected plants immediately to prevent spread. For organic control, apply fungicides containing copper or potassium bicarbonate, following label instructions carefully.